Vol. 43 Núm. 1 (2023)
Artículos

La significancia de los casos idealizados de desacuerdo

Jorge Prado
Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile

Publicado 2023-05-01

Palabras clave

  • Desacuerdo,
  • Casos idealizados de desacuerdo,
  • Equivalencia epistémica,
  • Aceptación,
  • Creencia
  • Disagreement,
  • Idealized Cases of Disagreement,
  • Epistemic Equivalence,
  • Acceptance,
  • Belief

Resumen

Defenderé que es necesario derrotar los argumentos de la primacía de la perspectiva de la primera persona en la epistemología del desacuerdo si se quiere preservar la equivalencia epistémica requerida para evaluar apropiadamente el disenso entre pares. Lo anterior involucra argumentar por qué estos argumentos quiebran dicha equivalencia. En segundo lugar, justificaré la relevancia de esta simetría para el análisis epistemológico del desacuerdo. En tercer lugar, argumentaré que preservar la equivalencia epistémica en casos idealizados de desacuerdo no implica adoptar necesariamente una postura conciliacionista, pues es posible formular una postura no conformista sin quebrar dicha equivalencia a partir de la distinción entre aceptación y creencia.

Citas

  1. Bistagnino, G. (2011). Epistemology of disagreement: Mapping the debate. Working Paper-LPF, 6, 2-28. ISSN 2036-1246. Centro Einaudi, Laboratorio di Politica Comparata e Filosofia Pubblica. https://www.centroeinaudi.it/images/abook_file/wp6_11_bistagnino.pdf
  2. Bogosian, C. (2012). Steadfastness and the epistemology of disagreement. Graduate Theses and Dissertations. ScholarWorks@UARK. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/393
  3. Christensen, D. (2007). Epistemology of disagreement: The good news. Philosophical Review, 116(2), 187-217. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20446955
  4. Christensen, D. (2009). Disagreement as evidence: The epistemology of controversy. Philosophy Compass, 4, 756-767. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-9991.2009.00237.x
  5. Cohen, J. (1992). An essay on belief and acceptance. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198236047.001.0001
  6. Elga, A. (2007). Reflection and disagreement. Noûs, 41, 478-502. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0068.2007.00656.x
  7. Elgin, C. (2010). Persistent disagreement. En R. Feldman & T. Warfield (Eds.), Disagreement (pp. 53- 68). Oxford University Press.
  8. Feldman, R. (2000). The ethics of belief. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 60(3), 667-695. https://doi.org/10.2307/2653823
  9. Feldman, R. (2001). Voluntary belief and epistemic evaluation. En M. Steup (Ed.), Knowledge, truth, and duty (pp. 77-92). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0195128923.003.0006
  10. Feldman, R. (2006). Epistemological puzzles about disagreement. En S. Hetherington (Ed.), Epistemic futures (pp. 216-236). Oxford University Press.
  11. Foley, R. (1994). Egoism in epistemology. En F. Schmitt (Ed.), Socializing epistemology (pp. 53-74). Rowman & Littlefield.
  12. Foley, R. (2001). Intellectual trust in oneself and others. Cambridge University Press.
  13. Ginet, C. (2001). Deciding to believe. En M. Steup (Ed.), Knowledge, truth, and duty (pp. 63-76). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0195128923.003.0005
  14. Goldman, A. (2010). Why social epistemology is real epistemology. En A. Haddock, A. Millar & D. Pritchard (Eds.), Social epistemology (pp. 1-28). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199577477.003.0001
  15. Hawthorne, J., & Srinivasan, A. (2013). Disagreement without transparency: Some bleak thoughts. En D. Christensen & J. Lackey (Eds.), The epistemology of disagreement: New essays (pp. 9-30). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199698370.003.0002
  16. Kelly, T. (2005). The epistemic significance of disagreement. En T. Gendler & J. Hawthorne (Eds.), Oxford studies in epistemology 1 (pp. 167-196). Oxford University Press.
  17. Kelly, T. (2013). Disagreement and the burdens of judgement. En D. Christensen & J. Lackey (Eds.), The epistemology of disagreement: New essays (pp. 31-53). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199698370.003.0003
  18. Lougheed, K. (2020). The epistemic benefits of disagreement. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34503-7
  19. Matheson, J. (2015). The epistemic significance of disagreement. Palgrave Macmillan.
  20. Nottelmann, N. (2006). The analogy argument for doxastic voluntarism. Philosophical Studies, 131, 559-582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-004-7489-7
  21. Platinga, A. (1995). Pluralism: A defense of religious exclusivism. En T. Senor (Ed.), The rationality of belief and the plurality of faith. Cornell University Press. https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501744839-010
  22. Ryle, G. (2009). The concept of mind. Routledge.
  23. Sosa, E. (2010). The epistemology of disagreement. En A. Haddock, A. Millar & D. Pritchard (Eds.), Social Epistemology (pp. 278-297). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199577477.003.0014
  24. Sosa, E. (2018). Insight and understanding. Universidad Andrés Bello.
  25. Van Inwagen, P. (1996). It is wrong, always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything, upon insufficient evidence. En J. Jordan & D. Howard-Snyder (Eds.), Faith, freedom, and rationality (pp. 137-154). Rowman & Littlefield.
  26. Vavova, K. (2014). Confidence, evidence and disagreement. Erkenntnis, 79(Suppl 1), 173-183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-013-9451-6
  27. Wedgwood, R. (2007). The nature of normativity. Oxford University Press.
  28. Wedgwood, R. (2010). The moral evil demons. En R. Feldman & T. Warfield (Eds.), Disagreement. Oxford University Press.
  29. Williams, B. (1970). Deciding to believe. En H. Kiefer & M., Munitz (Eds.) Language, belief, and metaphysics (pp. 95-111). SUNY Press.