Vol. 35 No. 1 (2015): Homenaje a Carlos S. Nino I
Articles

Personal and Relational Autonomy

Silvina Álvarez
Facultad de Derecho, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

Published 2015-05-01

Keywords

  • Personal Autonomy,
  • Relational Autonomy,
  • Independence,
  • Opportunities,
  • Options,
  • Social Context,
  • Relational Context
  • ...More
    Less
  • Autonomía personal,
  • Autonomía relacional,
  • Racionalidad,
  • Independencia,
  • Oportunidades,
  • Opciones,
  • Contexto social,
  • Contexto de relaciones
  • ...More
    Less

Abstract

Many authors have written about autonomy focusing mainly on the capacity of the autonomous agent for identifying preferences and making decisions. These authors -C. Nino among them- do not take into consideration further elements or conditions for being autonomous. However, it is necessary to take other aspects into consideration; mainly it is important to take account of both options and the building of the agent’s preferences. This way, autonomy normative aspects will be better understood. I propose here to analyse the concept of "relational autonomy", which has been largely elaborated within feminist theory. My aim is to incorporate relations and options to the core of the concept of personal autonomy. In this article, I will define personal autonomy first, highlighting the importance of relevant options. Second, I will describe the way options are built and their perception by the agent. Finally, I will focus on the context and relations on the background, and I will propose the notion of relational options.

References

  1. Álvarez, S. (2002), "La autonomía personal", en Díaz, E. y Colomer, J. L. (eds.), Estado, justicia, derechos, Madrid, Alianza, pp. 153-175.
  2. Álvarez, S. (2009), "Access to opportunities in multicultural Societies and the Rrelevance of Public expression", Social & Legal Studies, 18(4), pp. 543-559.
  3. Álvarez, S. (2014), "El umbral de autonomía", en Hierro, L. (ed.), Autonomía individual versus autonomía colectiva, Madrid, Marcial Pons, pp. 53-79.
  4. Baier, A. (1985a), Postures of the Mind: Essays on Mind and Morals, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press.
  5. Baier, A. (1985b), "What Do Women Want in a moral Theory?", Nous, 19, pp. 53-64.
  6. Brison, S. J. (2000), "Relational Autonomy and Freedom of Expression", en Mackenzie, C. y Stoljar, N. (eds.), pp. 280-299.
  7. Chodorow, N. (1978), The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender, Berkeley, University of California Press.
  8. Christman, J. (1991), "Autonomy and Personal History," Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 21(1), pp. 1-24.
  9. Christman, J. (1993), "Defending Historical Autonomy: A reply to Professor Mele," Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 23(2), pp. 281-289.
  10. Christman, J. (1995), "Feminism and Autonomy," en Bushnell, D. E. (ed.), "Nagging" Questions: Feminist Ethics in Everyday Life, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, pp. 17-39.
  11. Christman, J. (2001), "Liberalism, Autonomy, and Self-Transformation", Social Theory and Practice, 27(2), pp. 185-206.
  12. Christman, J. (2004), "Relational Autonomy, Liberal Individualism, and the Social Constitution of Selves", Philosophical Studies 117, pp. 143-164.
  13. Christman, J. y Anderson. J. (eds.) (2005), Autonomy and the Challenges to Liberalism: New Essays, Cambridge University Press.
  14. Code, L. (1991), What Can She Know? Feminist Theory and the Construction of Knowledge, Ithaca, Cornell University Press.
  15. Dworkin, G. (1988), The Theory and Practice of Autonomy, Cambridge University Press.
  16. Frankfurt, H. G. (1971), "Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person", The Journal of Philosophy, LXVIII(I), pp. 5-20.
  17. Gilligan, C. (1982), In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women’s Development, Cambridge, Harvard University Press.
  18. Govier, T. (1993), "Self-Trust, Autonomy, and Self-esteem", Hypatia, 8(1), pp. 99-120.
  19. Griffiths, M. (1995), Feminism and the Self, Londres, Routledge.
  20. Haworth, L. (1986), Autonomy: An Essay in Philosophical Psychology and Ethics, New Haven, Yale University Press.
  21. Mackenzie, C. y Stoljar, N. (eds.) (2000), Relational Autonomy: Feminist Perspectives on Autonomy, Agency and the Social Self, Oxford University Press.
  22. Mele, A. (1993), "History and Personal Autonomy," Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 23(2), pp. 271-280.
  23. Meyers, D. T. (1989), Self, Society, and Personal Choice, New York, Columbia University Press.
  24. Nedelsky, J. (2011), Law’s Relations: A Relational Theory of Self, Autonomy, and Law, Oxford University Press.
  25. Nino, C. S. (1989), Ética y derechos humanos, Buenos Aires, Astrea.
  26. Oakley, J. (1992), Morality and the Emotions, Londres, Routledge.
  27. O’Neill, O. (1992), "Autonomy, Coherence and Independence", en Miligan, D. y Miller, W. W. (eds.), Liberalism, Citizenship and Autonomy, Aldershot, Avebury, pp. 203-225.
  28. O’Neill, O. (2005), "Autonomy and Self-Identity", en Christman, J. y Anderson, J. (eds.), pp. 77-97.
  29. O’Neill, O. (2006), Personal Autonomy in Society, Aldershot, Ashgate.
  30. Raz, J. (1986), The Morality of Freedom, Oxford University Press.
  31. Stoljar, N. (2000), "Autonomy and the Feminist Intuition", en Mackenzie, C. y Stoljar, N. (eds.), pp. 94-111.
  32. Taylor, J. S. (ed.) (2005), Personal Autonomy: New Essays on Personal Autonomy and Its Role in Contemporary Moral Philosophy, Cambridge University Press.
  33. Young, R. (1986), Personal Autonomy: Beyond Negative and Positive Liberty, Londres, Croom Helm.